Researchers have developed a novel kirigami-based material that exhibits rapid and precise shape-shifting capabilities when exposed to magnetic fields, paving the way for potential applications in haptics and microfluidics. This innovative design leverages magnetically induced stiffening, demonstrating significant responsiveness and versatility.
The key to this advancement lies in the precise cuts made into the kirigami design. Specifically, a length-to-width ratio of six in the cuts resulted in a highly responsive material. Without magnets, the kirigami disk displayed a high degree of compliance; however, when a magnetic field was introduced, the material became over 1.8 times stiffer.
Furthermore, a kirigami dome constructed using this approach successfully lifted an object 28 times its own weight and maintained its position. To showcase its potential, a 5x5 array of these domes was created, actuated by moving magnetic pillars. This array could move a variety of objects with precision, including droplets, chips, and even rotate a petri dish.
Beyond material handling, the researchers envision promising applications in microfluidics, particularly in the precise transport and mixing of minute fluid volumes within research settings. The rapid reaction time of under 2 milliseconds to changing magnetic fields is particularly noteworthy.
This rapid response opens doors for the development of advanced haptic feedback systems. By modulating the magnetic field, the stiffness of the surface can be adjusted, potentially mimicking different textures and tactile sensations in virtual reality environments. This research suggests a pathway to more realistic and immersive VR experiences.
Despite these advancements, the resolution of the current surface is limited by the size of the domes. Future research will concentrate on miniaturizing the domes down to the micron scale using advanced manufacturing techniques. The challenge of how to actuate these very small domes is a key focus for ongoing development, as the team continues to explore this exciting technology. The full study was published in the journal Science Advances.
