A new, large-scale study suggests a daily glass of milk might significantly lower bowel cancer risk. Researchers at the University of Oxford, analyzing data from over 542,000 women tracked for 16 years, found a 17% reduction in bowel cancer risk with increased daily calcium intake, equivalent to a large glass of milk or several yogurt servings. This research, published in Nature Communications and funded by Cancer Research UK, strengthens existing evidence linking dairy products and lower bowel cancer risk.
The study, the largest of its kind, examined 97 dietary factors. Key findings highlight calcium's potential role in reducing bowel cancer risk, possibly by binding to damaging bile acids in the gut. While the exact mechanisms remain under investigation, this discovery could offer crucial insights for preventative strategies.
"This study provides strong evidence that calcium, whether from dairy or non-dairy sources, could be linked to a reduced risk of bowel cancer," stated Megan Winter, health information manager at Cancer Research UK. She emphasized the importance of further research to fully understand the interactions between calcium and bowel cancer.
Currently, bowel cancer is the UK's fourth most common cancer, affecting approximately 44,000 individuals annually. This new study raises the question of whether increasing milk consumption might play a role in prevention.
Beyond Bowel Cancer: Calcium's Role in Overall Health
The health benefits of calcium extend beyond bowel cancer prevention. Calcium, alongside vitamin D and protein, is crucial for maintaining strong bones. A balanced intake contributes to bone mineralisation and overall bone health, although other factors like exercise and hormonal balance also play significant roles. Dairy, particularly cow's milk, offers a substantial source of both calcium and high-quality protein, which aids muscle growth.
Milk also provides essential vitamins and minerals, including vitamin D (when fortified), vitamin B12, riboflavin, potassium, and phosphorus. Research also suggests that adequate dairy intake, as part of a balanced diet, may contribute to lower osteoporosis risk and potentially reduce hypertension risk when combined with whole foods.
Important Considerations and Alternatives
While the study highlights potential benefits, individuals with lactose intolerance or milk protein sensitivity should consult their healthcare professionals before increasing dairy intake. For those seeking alternative calcium sources, plant-based options such as fortified plant milks, leafy greens, calcium-set tofu, and fortified orange juice are available. Calcium supplements can also be considered in cases where dietary sources are insufficient.
Current dietary guidelines recommend specific daily dairy intake amounts for adults, children, and adolescents, varying slightly based on age. Consulting a dietician is recommended for personalized dietary advice.
